Formatting Requirements

Manuscripts must be submitted in English and formatted according to the journal's manuscript template and citation requirements. Authors should ensure that the manuscript is clear, consistent, scientifically sound, and suitable for scholarly publication. Depending on the type of manuscript and research design, the article should generally follow the following structure:

• Title
• Abstract: Must not exceed 250 words and should clearly present the research background, objective, methods, principal findings, and conclusion.
• Keywords
• Introduction: Should clearly explain the background, research problem, gap, objectives, and significance of the study.
• Methods: Should describe the research design, population or study setting, sampling, data collection procedures, variables or indicators, and data analysis methods in sufficient detail to support scientific evaluation and reproducibility.
• Results: Should present the main findings clearly and objectively using appropriate tables, figures, or statistical analyses where applicable.
• Discussion: Should interpret the findings in relation to previous research, relevant theories, healthcare management practices, policies, and their potential implications.
• Conclusion: Should provide concise conclusions based on the research findings and, where appropriate, recommendations for healthcare management, policy, practice, or further research.
• Acknowledgments (if applicable)
• References

Authors should use appropriate and up-to-date scholarly references and ensure that all sources cited in the manuscript are accurately listed in the reference section according to the journal's prescribed citation style.

Scope & Research Requirements

Manuscripts must demonstrate clear relevance to the Focus and Scope of Healthcare & Hospital Management Review (HHMR). The journal welcomes research, literature reviews, conceptual studies, and case studies related to hospital management, healthcare administration, healthcare service management, and the development of healthcare systems. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, hospital operations and patient flow, healthcare quality and patient safety, hospital financial management and health insurance, human resource management, health information systems and technology, healthcare policy, hospital governance, healthcare innovation, and organizational management.

Methodological Requirements

Submitted manuscripts must demonstrate appropriate and scientifically sound research methodology. Authors are expected to clearly describe the research design, study population or setting, sampling procedures, data collection instruments or sources, variables or indicators, and analytical methods. Quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, systematic review, and other appropriate research approaches are acceptable when properly justified and applied. The methodology must be sufficiently detailed to allow readers and reviewers to assess the validity, reliability, and credibility of the research findings.

Ethical & Research Integrity Requirements

Where a study involves human participants, patients, healthcare professionals, healthcare institutions, personal information, health records, or other sensitive data, authors must comply with applicable ethical standards and institutional requirements. Where required, appropriate ethical approval and informed consent must be obtained and clearly reported in the manuscript. Authors must protect the privacy and confidentiality of research participants and ensure that sensitive health information is not disclosed without appropriate authorization. Manuscripts must also comply with principles of research integrity, including accurate reporting of data, proper citation of sources, transparency regarding funding and competing interests, and adherence to the journal's publication ethics and plagiarism policies. Manuscripts that fall outside the journal's scope or fail to meet applicable scientific, ethical, or academic integrity requirements may be returned to the authors or rejected during editorial screening.